This research explores the multi-faceted challenges and opportunities of achieving climate and energy justice in Southeast Asia, particularly in ASEAN. By examining three distinct yet interrelated studies, it provides a comprehensive account of energy access development that intertwines regional electrification strategies, localised energy solutions in the Philippines, and an in-depth analysis of just transitions in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. The research presented here delves into the complex dynamics of electrification efforts, showcasing the role of diverse stakeholders, the importance of contextually grounded business models, and the implications of socio-political factors on climate justice, energy justice, energy access and sustainability. Emphasis here is on the need for an integrative approach to energy policy that considers not only technological innovation but also the social, economic, and cultural dimen-sions of sustainable development. The findings presented herein offer significant insights into the pursuit of equitable and sustainable energy access in Southeast Asia, highlighting the region’s unique challenges and opportunities in the global context of climate change and sustainable development.

This paper reviews the UK Net Zero Strategy in conjunction with the decarbonisation of the affordable housing sector, with a focus on the key stakeholders involved in the decar- bonisation process. Viewing it from a socio-ŋtechnical perspective, this paper discusses three overarching groups of people in delivering low-carbon affordable housing — affordable housing providers, the supply chain and residents — highlights the range of issues and factors that policymakers should be considering; provides sign-posts to evidence; and discusses some critical gaps, barriers and transition risk factors in delivering net zero policies and potential mitigating strategies that can be learned from exemplary projects. The conclusion of this paper proposes a preliminary structure for a five-step place-based, human-centred framework to implement net zero in the affordable housing sector, emphasising the importance of long-term legislative certainty and funding, localised decision-making with stakeholder engagement, including approaches such as communities of practice, a soft landings framework, and developing monitoring and evaluation matrices.